Windows 10 and 11 are powerful operating systems packed with features, but their wide usage makes them frequent targets for malware, hackers, and data trackers. Protecting your system requires more than just running antivirus software. This article presents twelve expert-recommended security and privacy strategies, each grounded in real-world practices, and includes actionable steps for both beginners and advanced users.
1. Keep Windows and All Software Up-to-Date
Why is it important?
Outdated Windows installations and applications can contain vulnerabilities that cybercriminals exploit. Regular updates patch these weaknesses.
For Beginners:
– Enable automatic updates in Windows Update (Settings > Update & Security > Windows Update).
– Turn on “Receive updates for other Microsoft products” for broader coverage.
For Advanced Users:
– Schedule update checks during off-hours to avoid interruptions.
– Use PowerShell to manage updates (e.g., `Get-WindowsUpdate` from the PSWindowsUpdate module).
2. Use a Strong Password or Passphrase
Why does it matter?
Weak passwords are easily guessed or cracked.
For Beginners:
– Set a strong password with a mix of uppercase, lowercase, numbers, and symbols.
– Use Windows Hello (face, fingerprint, or PIN) for an added layer.
For Advanced Users:
– Utilize password managers to generate and store complex passwords.
– Enforce password policies if managing multiple PCs.
3. Enable Two-Factor Authentication (2FA)
Why?
2FA provides an additional barrier against unauthorized access.
For Beginners:
– Add 2FA to your Microsoft account at https://account.microsoft.com/security.
– Use authentication apps or SMS codes.
For Advanced Users:
– Require 2FA for all critical accounts and configure app-based authentication for maximum security.
4. Regularly Review and Restrict App Permissions
How does this improve privacy?
Apps often request access to information and resources they don’t need.
For Beginners:
– Go to Settings > Privacy & Security > App Permissions.
– Review and revoke permissions (like microphone, camera, location) for apps that don’t need them.
For Advanced Users:
– Use Group Policy Editor to restrict permissions system-wide (gpedit.msc).
– Employ PowerShell to audit app permissions.
5. Turn On Windows Security Features
Which features should you use?
Windows Security offers built-in tools to protect against malware and suspicious activity.
For Beginners:
– Open Windows Security (from Start menu).
– Enable Virus & Threat Protection, Firewall & Network Protection, and Controlled Folder Access.
For Advanced Users:
– Configure Exploit Protection and Memory Integrity for advanced threat mitigation.
– Adjust Defender’s scan and update schedules for optimal performance.
6. Use Glary Utilities for Privacy and Security Maintenance
How does Glary Utilities help?
Glary Utilities is a comprehensive suite that goes beyond basic cleanup—it includes privacy protection tools.
For Beginners:
– Use the Tracks Eraser to remove browsing and usage history.
– Employ the Disk Cleaner to securely delete residual files.
For Advanced Users:
– Schedule automatic privacy sweeps.
– Use File Shredder for secure deletion of sensitive files.
– Explore Privacy & Security modules to identify and fix privacy leaks.
7. Manage and Limit Telemetry and Data Collection
Why should you care?
Windows 10/11 collect diagnostic and usage data, which may impact your privacy.
For Beginners:
– Go to Settings > Privacy & Security > Diagnostics & Feedback.
– Set Diagnostic Data to “Required only.”
– Turn off “Tailored experiences” and “Send optional diagnostic data.”
For Advanced Users:
– Use Group Policy or registry tweaks to further restrict telemetry.
– Employ tools like O&O ShutUp10 for granular control.
8. Regularly Backup Your Data
Why is this both a security and privacy practice?
A good backup protects you from ransomware, accidental deletion, or hardware failure.
For Beginners:
– Enable Windows Backup (Settings > Update & Security > Backup).
– Use OneDrive or an external hard drive.
For Advanced Users:
– Create system images and scheduled incremental backups.
– Encrypt backup drives for extra protection.
9. Secure Your Wi-Fi and Network Settings
How does this help?
An unsecured network exposes your devices to external threats.
For Beginners:
– Set a strong Wi-Fi password using WPA3 or WPA2 encryption.
– Change default router login credentials.
For Advanced Users:
– Disable remote management on your router.
– Use a guest network for visitors and IoT devices.
10. Control Start-Up Programs and Background Services
Why is this important?
Unnecessary background programs can be a security risk and reduce privacy.
For Beginners:
– Check Task Manager > Startup tab to disable unwanted apps.
– Use Glary Utilities‘ Startup Manager for an easy overview and control.
For Advanced Users:
– Use MSCONFIG or Autoruns to identify hidden auto-start entries.
– Audit and disable non-essential services.
11. Harden Your Browser and Use Privacy Extensions
How does this enhance privacy?
Browsers are the main way malware and trackers enter your system.
For Beginners:
– Use browsers with built-in tracking protection (like Microsoft Edge or Firefox).
– Clear history and cookies regularly; Glary Utilities’ Tracks Eraser can automate this.
For Advanced Users:
– Use extensions like uBlock Origin or Privacy Badger.
– Enable Secure DNS (DNS-over-HTTPS) in browser settings.
12. Educate Yourself and Stay Vigilant
Why is user behavior so critical?
No tool can compensate for unsafe habits.
For Beginners:
– Avoid clicking links or opening attachments from unknown sources.
– Use strong, unique passwords for each account.
For Advanced Users:
– Monitor security news for emerging threats.
– Test staff or family with simulated phishing emails.
Conclusion: Putting It All Together
Securing your Windows 10 or 11 PC is an ongoing process. By combining built-in features, third-party tools like Glary Utilities, and a proactive approach to your digital habits, you can dramatically reduce your risk. Start with the basics, then layer in advanced protections as you become more comfortable. The payoff is a safer, more private Windows experience—one where your data and peace of mind come first.